Dark spots can look similar in the mirror, but they do not all have the same cause. Two of the most common forms of discoloration are post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) and melasma. Both involve excess pigment, both can be stubborn, and both can become more noticeable with sun exposure. However, the way they develop—and the way they should be treated—can be very different.

While they may appear similar, melasma and sun spots are not the same condition, and treating them the same way often leads to disappointing results. Understanding the difference is the first step toward achieving clearer, more even-toned skin.